Urban morphology refers to the study and analysis of the physical form, structure, layout, and organization of urban areas or settlements. It involves examining the spatial arrangement of buildings, streets, open spaces, and other elements that constitute the built environment in cities and towns. The discipline explores how cities evolve, considering factors such as historical development, social, economic, and cultural influences, as well as the impact of planning and design interventions.

Key aspects of urban morphology include:

1. Land Use Patterns: Examining how different areas within a city are designated for residential, commercial, industrial, or recreational purposes.
2. Building Types and Styles: Analyzing the architectural characteristics and styles of buildings in urban areas, considering factors like height, density, and the arrangement of structures.
3. Street Networks: Studying the layout and connectivity of streets, including patterns such as grids, radial designs, or irregular networks, and how they influence the movement of people and vehicles.
4. Public Spaces: Investigating the design and distribution of parks, plazas, and other public spaces within the urban fabric.
5. Historical Layers: Understanding how historical developments, including changes in technology, culture, and governance, have shaped the physical structure of urban areas.
6. Transportation Systems: Examining the infrastructure for transportation, including roads, bridges, and public transit, and how it impacts the overall form of the city.
7. Socioeconomic Factors: Considering how social and economic factors influence the distribution of land uses and the development of various urban elements.

Urban morphology is an interdisciplinary field that draws on aspects of urban planning, architecture, geography, sociology, and history. The analysis of urban form provides insights into the character of cities and helps planners and policymakers make informed decisions about urban development and design.